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• What impact does failure to record Article 31 warnings have on a motion to suppress?
• How does the voluntariness standard under Article 31 differ from that in civilian law?
• Does Article 31 require advisement for written questionnaires or surveys that touch on misconduct?
• Can a witness’s statement be excluded if they were improperly questioned under Article 31?
• Are Article 31 advisements required during safety mishap boards or accident investigations?
• Can an interpreter’s mistake during Article 31 advisement lead to suppression of the statement?
• What is the role of “command-directed questioning” in triggering Article 31 protections?
• Can the presence of multiple investigators influence the effectiveness of an Article 31 waiver?
• How do courts evaluate whether Article 31 advisement was given “knowingly and intelligently”?
• Can repeated failure to advise Article 31 rights be considered a pattern of investigative misconduct?
• Can multiple rights violations combine to exclude all related evidence?
• What is the connection between Article 31 and Article 32 hearings?
• Are written confessions subject to Article 31 protections?
• What role does legal training play in reducing accidental violations of Article 31 protections?
• How does Article 31 apply in joint military-civilian law enforcement task forces?
• Can your rank influence how Article 31 rights are respected or ignored?
• Why is Article 31 especially important in hierarchical military structures?
• What constitutes a “clear and unequivocal” invocation of Article 31 rights?
• How should a service member react when questioned without advisement?
• What case law governs improper delay in reading rights under Article 31?
• Can Article 31 advisement be waived in writing only?
• Do you need to speak to a lawyer to invoke Article 31 protections?
• How does Article 31 strengthen your position in pretrial negotiations?
• Can military investigators be held accountable for Article 31 misconduct?
• What remedies exist when Article 31 rights are knowingly violated?
• Can a command use statements from a rights-violating interview for administrative action?
• How often are Article 31 violations raised during motions to suppress?
• Can a prior Article 31 advisement carry over to subsequent questioning?
• What role do Article 31 rights play in protecting against false confessions?
• Are Article 31 rights different for officers and enlisted personnel?